NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

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Which type of shock requires vasopressor to maintain MAP >= 65 and a serum lactate > 2 despite adequate fluid resuscitation?

Septic shock
Cardiogenic shock
Neurogenic shock
Anaphylactic shock

The correct answer is: Septic shock

Septic shock is the correct answer, as it is characterized by a systemic infection causing high levels of vasodilation and significant fluid loss. This results in decreased blood pressure and decreased tissue perfusion, leading to a high risk of organ failure. Vasopressors are necessary to constrict blood vessels and increase blood pressure, while a serum lactate level above 2 indicates inadequate tissue perfusion and therefore requires further drug support. Cardiogenic shock is incorrect because it involves decreased cardiac output due to an issue with the heart, and vasopressor support is not as effective in this type of shock. Neurogenic shock is incorrect because it is caused by spinal cord injuries, which do not typically require vasopressor support. Anaphylactic shock is incorrect because it is caused by a severe allergic reaction, leading to increased vasodilation and therefore lowered blood pressure. While vasopressors may be used in this type of shock, they are not a necessary treatment.