NAPLEX Practice Exam 2026 – All-in-One Guide to Mastering the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination!

A case-control study compares patients with a particular disease (cases) to those without the disease (controls). This type of study design is commonly used to investigate the potential causes of a specific disease by comparing the exposure history of the cases and controls. By comparing these two groups, researchers can identify potential risk factors associated with the disease. In contrast, options B, C, and D do not accurately describe the purpose of a case-control study. Option B refers to a cohort study, option C refers to a cost-effectiveness analysis, and option D may describe a pharmacovigilance study or a study focusing on adverse drug reactions, none of which are the primary focus of a case-control study.